Chukat   “Statute” Bamidbar (Numbers) 19:1- 22:1                 23June2007 - Lee Wilhelms                                                                       

The Red Heifer

The rabbis have for years admitted that they do not fully understand this ritual; thus it is referred to as a Chukat  (Chet, Kof, Tav), which is a commandment that is given without any explanation.  They are to be done simply out of obedience and not from understanding. 

Death is not a natural part of life. Death is the opposite of life. Death has

no part in life. Death is something introduced to creation by fallen man. Death was an addition to life. Death is unnatural and contrary to the will of the Creator. Death was not found in the fruit of the tree of life, but in the forbidden mixed fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil.

Genesis 2:16 And YHWH ELOHIM commanded the man, saying, Of every tree

of the garden thou mayest freely eat: 17but of the tree of the knowledge of good and

evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt

surely die.

Genesis 3:17 And unto Adam He said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the

voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying,

Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat

of it all the days of thy life; 18thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee;

and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19in the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat

bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou

art, and unto dust shalt thou return.

YHWH has made it clear that He takes no delight in death, not even in the death of the

wicked. Instead, the Holy One desires that all men would return to the tree of life and

live.

Ezekiel 18:23 Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith Adonai

YHWH: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?

Ezekiel 18:32 For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith Adonai

YHWH: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye.

Ezekiel 33:11 Say unto them, As I live, saith Adonai YHWH, I have no pleasure

in the death of the wicked; but that the wicked turn from his way and live: turn

ye, turn ye from your evil ways; for why will ye die, O house of Israel?

Deuteronomy 30:19 I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I

have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing: therefore choose life, that

both thou and thy seed may live.

In the teaching of the red heifer we again witness the truth that death is part of the

defilement of natural life. We have seen this teaching earlier concerning the cohanim

and the Cohen Gadol.

Leviticus 21:1 And YHWH said unto Moses, Speak unto the cohanim the sons of

Aaron, and say unto them, There shall none be defiled for the dead among his

people.

Leviticus 21:10 And he that is the Cohen Gadol among his brethren, upon whose

head the anointing oil was poured, and that is consecrated to put on the garments,

shall not uncover his head, nor rend his clothes; 11neither shall he go in to any

dead body, nor defile himself for his father, or for his mother.

Clearly death belongs to the realm of tamei.

Numbers 19:11 He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean

seven days.

The state of tamei separates a person from the altar and the sacrifices. Remembering that the purpose of the altar is to demonstrate and proclaim our desire to draw near to YHWH, we may safely state that being in a state of tamei prevents us from drawing near unto YHWH. This is especially true of death. Death is the ultimate state of tamei. Death has no place in the image of the living Elohim. Death prevents us from drawing near to YHWH. 

To overcome this separation due to contamination by a corpse, YHWH instituted the

ritual of the red heifer.  There are numerous questions to be answered in this portion, but before we attempt to answer them, let me reiterate the idea that all of the sacrifices and rituals of the Torah are primarily proclamation. In other words, the various rituals and sacrifices of the Torah are VISIBLE WORDS. Therefore as we seek to answer some of the questions concerning the ritual of the red heifer, let us also look and listen for the proclamation that is being made. Let us now see if we can answer a few of the primary questions concerning the red heifer ritual, and in the process come to a deeper understanding of the significance of this particular chukat.

In Hebrew the heifer is referred to as being adumah (Aleph, Dalet, Mem, Hey), meaning “red.” These are the same letters, albeit with one different vowel, which spell the word adamah, or “earth,” out of which Adam was created.

H120

אדם

'âdâm

aw-dawm'

From H119; ruddy, that is, a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.): - X another, + hypocrite, + common sort, X low, man (mean, of low degree), person.

H127

אדמה

'ădâmâh

ad-aw-maw'

From H119; soil (from its general redness): - country, earth, ground, husband [-man] (-ry), land.

Adam and adamah come from the same root word.

H119

אדם

'âdam

aw-dam'

To show blood (in the face), that is, flush or turn rosy: - be (dyed, made) red (ruddy).

There are several Hebrew words that share this common root.

ADAMAH – Red clay or earth

ADOM - Red, masculine gender

ADUMAH - Red, feminine gender

ADAM - Adam or man

EDOM - Esau, also called Edom

DAM - Blood

DAMAM – Death

Isn’t it interesting that Adam and Edom use the same root word but are in conflict with their religious beliefs!

By commanding that this heifer (female) be adumah (red), we are instantly taken back to Adam in the Garden of Eden and to the fall that brought death into the world. We are

also reminded that the consequence of this fall is that our bodies shall return to the

adamah (earth) from which they came. But the adumah (red) color should also remind us of dam (blood).

We should also note that in all of the other sin sacrifices the blood is placed upon the altar, but in this slaughtering the blood is burned with the rest of the animal.  A total sacrifice of the animal.

Numbers 19:5 And one shall burn the heifer in his sight; her skin, and her flesh,

and her blood, with her dung, shall he burn.

Did you notice that the blood was burned and not placed upon the altar?  Many

Christian and even Messianic believers have missed the fact that Messiah’s

blood was not placed upon the altar of the Temple. In fact, some have rejected the Messiah’s sacrifice because his blood was not placed upon the altar.

We have already noted that everyone involved in the process of creating the ashes or in the application of the ashes becomes unclean. Those who apply the ashes to cleanse those who are contaminated by death proclaim the reality that the one who would remove our sins would himself be contaminated.

2 Corinthians 5:21 For He hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that

we might be made the righteousness of Elohim in him.

The ashes had no effect until they were mixed with living water.  The sacrifice of

Messiah (ashes) will do us no good unless we mix them with our living water (i.e. a living faith in the Torah). In order to be restored to a state of tahor, the living Word of the Torah must be applied to one’s life.

Referenced Works:

Torah Portion Chukat                         Glenn McWilliams

Parashah 114                                       Tim Hegg

The Chumash ArtScroll Series           Mesorah Publications